Abstract:
Taxonomic studies of the abundant and diverse rhinoceros fossil materials from different formations
of the Siwaliks, Pakistan, were undertaken. Most of the fossil remains came from the previously
described localities. However some new localities were also explored for the collection of
specimens. Over all fifty four specimens, collected from different localities of the lower, middle and
upper Siwaliks are described in this dissertation. Among fifty; nine specimens belong to the genus
Rhinoceros, two specimens belong to the genus Punjabitherium, fifteen specimens belong to the
genus Gaindatherium, seven specimens belong to the genus Alicornops, thirteen specimens belong
to the genus Brachypotherium, and eight specimens belong to the genus Chilotherium. All the
described specimens include some complete maxillary and mandibular tooth series, isolated teeth
and fragments of maxillae or mandibles. A complete right and left maxillary tooth series (P1-M3) of
Rhinoceros sivalensis is described for the first time from the Tatrot Fm. of the upper Siwaliks. Fossil
remains of Rhinoceros sondaicus and Punjabitherium platyrhinus are also a new addition to the
rhinoceros fauna of the Pinjor Fm. of the upper Siwaliks of Pakistan. Alicornops complanatum a new
binomen proposed by Antoine et al., (2003c) is considered valid in the present study for
Chilotherium intermedium complanatum (Heissig, 1972). Alicornops aff. laogouense is also
described for the first time from the Kamlial Fm. of the lower Siwaliks of Pakistan. Maps showing
the stratigraphic ranges of the various taxa of the Siwalik rhinoceroses in correlation to the published
records are also presented herein this dissertation. The fossil material was collected from fifteen
different localities of the Siwalik Fms. A new fossiliferous locality at Lava (Chinji Fm., Lower
Siwaliks), district Chakwal, has been discovered.
