Abstract:
The current study assessed the ameliorative effect of Trigonella foenum graceum extract against copper oxide
nanoparticles (CuO-NPs) induced toxicity in Oreochromis mossambicus. For this purpose 100 healthy fish weighing
20±2.34g were randomly divided into five different groups in duplicates and designated as control (C) no treatment,
positive control (G*) treated with 0.12mg/L of CuO-NPs, experimental co-treated groups G1, G2 and G3 were treated
with Trigonella foenum-graecum extract @ 18, 26 and 52mg/L along with 0.12 mg/L of CuO-NPs, respectively. In this
study significant (P<0.05) changes were observed in the antioxidant activity of enzymes and histological alterations in
the liver and intestine of fish in G*, G1 and G2 groups while a good ameliorative response of Trigonella foenumgraecum was observed in G3. Dose dependent alterations in glutathione, lipid peroxides, catalase, and malondialdehyde
as well as histological architecture of liver and intestine were observed in treated groups, where more alterations were
observed in positive control and low dose treated groups of Trigonella foenum-graecum. Moreover, more ameliorative
effect was observed in high dose of Trigonella foenum-graecum treated group (G3). This study is novel as no previous
data is available on the amelioration of Trigonella foenum-graecum extract against CuO-NPs induced toxicity in fish.
