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ASSESSMENT OF HEAVY METAL AND METALLOID LEVELS IN SPINACH (SPINACIA OLERACEA L.) GROWN IN WASTEWATER IRRIGATED AGRICULTURAL SOIL OF SARGODHA, PAKISTAN

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dc.contributor.author AHMAD, KAFEEL
dc.contributor.author IQBAL KHAN, ZAFAR
dc.contributor.author ASHFAQ, ASMA
dc.contributor.author ASHRAF, MUHAMMAD
dc.contributor.author YASMIN, SUMAIRA
dc.date.accessioned 2022-11-16T06:23:51Z
dc.date.available 2022-11-16T06:23:51Z
dc.date.issued 2014-11-04
dc.identifier.citation Ahmad, K., Khan, Z. I., Ashfaq, A., Ashraf, M., & Yasmin, S. (2014). Assessment of heavy metal and metalloid levels in spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) grown in wastewater irrigated agricultural soil of Sargodha, Pakistan. Pak J Bot, 46(5), 1805-1810. en_US
dc.identifier.issn 2070-3368
dc.identifier.uri http://142.54.178.187:9060/xmlui/handle/123456789/13998
dc.description.abstract Heavy metal-induced pollution causes an adverse effect on the agricultural production system. In the present study we studied the pattern of accumulation of different metals in spinach (Spinacia oleracea) irrigated with wastewater. Considerably elevated concentrations of metals were observed in the wastewater irrigated soil and vegetable. For example, the levels Mo, Cd and Pb in the vegetable exceeded the permissible limit suggested by the World Health Organization. A significant and positive correlation was observed between the soil and vegetable in terms of levels of different metals. Transfer coefficients for Cr, Zn and Cu were above 0.5 which indicated high level of metal contamination mainly due to anthropogenic activities in the study site. The pollution load index was also considerably high for the spinach plants growing on the metal contaminated soil suggesting that proper management of the study area is required to protect all vegetables being grown therein from the accumulation of high levels of different metals examined in the present study. en_US
dc.language.iso en en_US
dc.publisher Karachi:Pakistn Botanical Society, Karachi en_US
dc.subject Heavy metal en_US
dc.subject Metalloid en_US
dc.subject Spinacia oleracea en_US
dc.subject Wastewater en_US
dc.subject Soil en_US
dc.title ASSESSMENT OF HEAVY METAL AND METALLOID LEVELS IN SPINACH (SPINACIA OLERACEA L.) GROWN IN WASTEWATER IRRIGATED AGRICULTURAL SOIL OF SARGODHA, PAKISTAN en_US
dc.type Article en_US


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