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IOACCUMULATION OF HEAVY METALS AND METALLOIDS IN LUFFA (LUFFA CYLINDRICA L.) IRRIGATED WITH DOMESTIC WASTEWATER IN JHANG, PAKISTAN: A PROSPECT FOR HUMAN NUTRITION

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dc.contributor.author KHAN, ZAFAR IQBAL
dc.contributor.author KAFEEL AHMAD
dc.contributor.author MUHAMMAD ASHRAF
dc.contributor.author RUKHSANA PARVEEN
dc.contributor.author IRFAN MUSTAFA
dc.contributor.author KHAN, AMEER
dc.contributor.author ZAHARA BIBI
dc.contributor.author NUDRAT AISHA AKRAM
dc.date.accessioned 2022-12-26T06:45:11Z
dc.date.available 2022-12-26T06:45:11Z
dc.date.issued 2015-03-02
dc.identifier.citation Khan, Z. I., Ahmad, K., Ashraf, M., Parveen, R., Mustafa, I., Khan, A., ... & Akram, N. A. (2015). Bioaccumulation of heavy metals and metalloids in luffa (Luffa cylindrica L.) irrigated with domestic wastewater in Jhang, Pakistan: a prospect for human nutrition. Pak J Bot, 47(1), 217-224. en_US
dc.identifier.issn 2070-3368
dc.identifier.uri http://142.54.178.187:9060/xmlui/handle/123456789/15446
dc.description.abstract In the present study, 12 heavy metals (Cr, Mn, Ni, Cd, Co, Cu, Pb, Zn, Fe, Se, As, and Mo) were assessed in a potential vegetable Luffa cylindrica. The vegetable was collected randomly from two different sites located at Jhang, Punjab Pakistan. The analyses of variance of data collected from soil showed non-significant effect on Se, Zn, As, Cr, Ni, Mo and Pb while significant effect on Fe, Co, Mn, Cu and Cd metals. Concentrations of all 12 heavy metals in the soil samples were low at sampling site-I as compared to those at site-II except Ni. These concentrations were found below the safe limits except that of Cd. At site-I, the concentrations recorded for different heavy metals were: As > Fe > Pb > Mn > Cd > Co > Cu > Mo > Zn > Ni > Se > Cr while at site-II were: As > Fe > Mn > Pb > Co > Cd > Cu > Mo > Zn > Ni > Se > Cr. Enrichment coefficient of Cr was higher which showed that root of luffa plant accumulated more Cr concentration from the contaminated soil. The order of enrichment co-efficient was recorded at site-I as: Cr > Zn > Mn > Cu > Fe > Ni > Mo > Pb > As > Se > Co > Cd, and at site-II Cr > Zn > Mn > Ni > Cu > Fe > Mo > Pb > Se > As > Co > Cd. The transfer co-efficient of Mn was higher which indicates that more contents of Mn were transferred from roots to upper edible part. The order of transfer coefficient at site-I was: Ni > Se > Mo > Cr > Zn > Fe > Mn > Cd > Pb > As > Cu > Co and at site-II was Mn > Zn > As > Fe > Pb > Se > Cd > Co > Mo > Cu > Ni > Cr. Correlation analysis showed that Mn, Se, Co, Cd, Ni, Mo and Pb had positive non-significant correlation, whereas a negative and non-significant correlation for Zn, As, Fe and Cr. The order of pollution load index at site-I was Cd > Mo > Se > Pb > Cu > Co > As > Fe > Mn > Ni > Zn > Cr and at site-II: Cd > Mo > Se > Pb > Cu > Co > As > Fe > Mn > Ni > Zn > Cr. Overall, at both sites, lowest concentration of Cr and highest of As were observed which need substantial awareness. Health risk index depends on soil characteristics, chemical composition, rate of consumption and type of a vegetable. In the present study, the order of health risk index due to these heavy metals at site-I was as As > Mo > Mn > Pb > Ni > Cd > Zn > Se > Fe > Co > Cr > Cu and at site-II as As > Mn > Mo > Pb > Cd > Zn > Ni > Se > Fe > Co > Cr > Cu. en_US
dc.language.iso en en_US
dc.publisher Karachi: Pakistan Botanical Society en_US
dc.subject Metals and metalloids en_US
dc.subject Wastewater en_US
dc.subject Luffa cylindrica en_US
dc.subject Maximum permissible limits en_US
dc.subject Dietary toxicity en_US
dc.title IOACCUMULATION OF HEAVY METALS AND METALLOIDS IN LUFFA (LUFFA CYLINDRICA L.) IRRIGATED WITH DOMESTIC WASTEWATER IN JHANG, PAKISTAN: A PROSPECT FOR HUMAN NUTRITION en_US
dc.type Article en_US


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