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REPORT Effect of macrophage alone or primed with cytokines on Balamuthia mandrillaris interactions with human brain microvascular endothelial cells in vitro

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dc.contributor.author Abdul Matin
dc.contributor.author Salik Nawaz
dc.contributor.author Jung, Suk-Yul
dc.date.accessioned 2023-01-20T09:19:17Z
dc.date.available 2023-01-20T09:19:17Z
dc.date.issued 2018-12-03
dc.identifier.citation Matin, A., Nawaz, S., & Jung, S. Y. (2018). Effect of macrophage alone or primed with cytokines on Balamuthia mandrillaris interactions with human brain microvascular endothelial cells in vitro. Pak. J. Pharm. Sci, 31(6), 2553-2559. en_US
dc.identifier.issn 1011-601X
dc.identifier.uri http://142.54.178.187:9060/xmlui/handle/123456789/16504
dc.description.abstract Balamuthia mandrillaris is well known to cause fatal Balamuthia amoebic encephalitis (BAE). Amoebic transmission into the central nervous system (CNS), haematogenous spread is thought to be the prime step, followed by blood–brain barrier (BBB) dissemination. Macrophages are considered to be the foremost line of defense and present in excessive numbers during amoebic infections. The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the effects of macrophages alone or primed with cytokines on the biological characteristics of Balamuthia in vitro. Using human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMEC), which constitutes the BBB, we have shown that Balamuthia demonstrated >90% binding and >70% cytotoxicity to host cells. However, macrophages further increased amoebic binding and Balamuthia-mediated cell cytotoxicity. Furthermore macrophages exhibited no amoebicidal effect against Balamuthia. Zymography assay demonstrated that macrophages exhibited no inhibitory effect on proteolytic activity of Balamuthia. Overall we have shown for the first time macrophages has no inhibitory effects on the biological properties of Balamuthia in vitro. This also strengthened the concept that how and why Balamuthia can cause infections in both immuno-competent and immuno-compromised individuals. en_US
dc.language.iso en en_US
dc.publisher Karachi: Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Karachi en_US
dc.subject Balamuthia mandrillaris en_US
dc.subject Balamuthia mandrillaris en_US
dc.subject cytokines en_US
dc.subject human brain microvascular endothelial cells en_US
dc.subject Balamuthia amoebic encephalitis. en_US
dc.title REPORT Effect of macrophage alone or primed with cytokines on Balamuthia mandrillaris interactions with human brain microvascular endothelial cells in vitro en_US
dc.type Article en_US


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