Abstract:
Various risk factors related to mastitis were evaluated to measure the incidence of
mastitis including udder and teat shape, udder depth, udder configuration, tail length,
dirty hid legs, teat canal length, milking techniques, breed, age, parity, lactation length,
live body weight, teat end to floor distance, housing condition and milk leakage.
Different teat shapes were recorded including pointed, round, bow and flat along with
ulcerated injuries. Udder shape, teat lesions and higher teat diameter was associated with
increase milk somatic cell. Results indicated that lower teat en to floor distance,
cylindrical teat end shape, round and various factors teat length, high teat diameter, teat
lesions, teat end to floor distance, milk leakage, number of attendants, frequency of
culling, farms conditions, and housing conditions were the significant risk factors
responsible for of mastitis. Overall, at all the livestock farms studied in the government or
private sector revealed a prevalence of mastitis in 15.2% buffaloes and 19.4% At
slaughter house 16 biotypes for E. coli, 11 biotypes for Streptococuss and 10 biotypes for
Staphylococcus were recovered.. The total milk somatic cell count in both species
(buffaloes + cows) and neutrophil population was significantly higher in mastitic than
healthy animals. The results on histopathology for both cattle and buffalo revealed
atrophy of alveoli celluar infilteration, cellular exudates in alveoli, connective tissue
proliferation and disappearance of alveoli in udder tissues.
Milk, the values for lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate
aminotranferase and sodium increased in mastitic than health animals. The values of
potassium, phosphorous, calcium, magnesium, zinc and iron were decreased in milk
samples from mastitic than healthy animals. Lesions on udder, teat shape, udder shape,
use of oxytocin, calf suckling and hosing space showed significant difference between
mastitic and healthy (cattle + buffaloes). A PCR based method by COA gene along with
molecular typing by RFLP gave different sized products.
