Abstract:
Foreign assistance is considered to play an important role in socioeconomic development
of the developing countries. Since July 1951 Pakistan has received foreign assistance
from USAID in different forms for various purposes. However, empirical data are limited
to evaluate the effectiveness of all the aspects of foreign aid in Pakistan. Therefore, this
study was initiated with an objective to determine the effectiveness of USAID assistance
provided in the health sector during 2004 to 2009 in Upper Dir District of Khyber
Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan. The survey was conducted in 2010 in two districts Upper Dir as
treated and Lower Dir as non-treated of KP. A Sample size of 494 families covering 1047
children was questioned in both districts. The variables studied related to health sector
included child health (birth weight and size, immunization, diarrhea, treatment of
diarrhea, fever, acute respiratory infection and their treatments) infant and child mortality
(gravidity, parity, neonatal, post neonatal, infant and child mortality, cause of child death)
maternal mortality (causes of the woman's death, maternal rates and ratio) and health
infrastructure physical health infrastructure, human resources. A conceptual framework
for impact evaluation developed by multilateral financial institutions was adopted to
collect and analysis data in this study. The household level impacts were measured by
computing the difference of the value of the outcomes of health variables between the
treatment and comparison households as simple differences between treatment and
comparison households provided impact estimates. The results of this study indicated that
USAID assistance doesn't bring any positive change in the child health, infant and child
mortality rate, maternal mortality rate and ratio in the Upper Dir District as comparedXIII
with Lower Dir District having received no such assistance. However there was a positive
change in infrastructure, which is a prerequisite to provide health facilities if properly
utilized. But that infrastructure was not properly used to improve health indicators. It may
be concluded from this study that foreign assistance did not show any effect in the health
improvements of the area. However it may have caused positive changes if it were
properly utilized. So further research is needed to pinpoint the various causes for non-
efficiency and non-effectiveness of this foreign assistance and suggest remedial measures
accordingly to enhance the quality of life in these undeveloped areas of KP .