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A Study of the Most Basic Life Values of Teachers and Students in Pakistan
This study investigates the most basic life values of teachers and students. It
limits itself to one type of such values, namely “conceived value” type. In other words
it deals with the respondents’ personal “conception of the desirable” rather than the
“desired” or “the desirable”. The main objective of the study is to know the most
preferred ways to live of the teachers and students in Pakistan. The research data was
gathered through the responses on the Ways to Live Scale devised by Charles Morris
(1956).The study also tells us whether the students and teachers have the same
opinion on the ways to live or not. The sample used, was 2183 for the present study
and it consisted of 740 teachers and 1443 students from all the Social Sciences
departments of 20 public universities of Pakistan (from Punjab-8, Sindh-3,
Baluchistan-2, NWFP-2, Northern Areas-1, ICT-3, and AJK-1). The technique of
simple random sampling and stratified random sampling were used for this purpose.
The Ways to live scale was used as a tool for data collection.. The research questions
were answered and analyzed through finding the Means, Standard Deviation, Chi-
square test, Kruskal-wallis test and One-way ANOVA .The statistical software like
SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) and STATA (Statistical Analysis) were
used for the analysis of data. Analysis of the data obtained and the study of ways
clearly indicate that today’s students and teachers prefer way 8 which focuses on
enjoyment over traditional self composure. It seems to be due to changes in the
environment which is more open now than it was as in 1960. Democracy,
technological, development, open media, human watch agencies, cross cultural
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interaction and above all globalization have had their own effects .Truly all these
were missing in 1960 and era before it. Traditional composed society of Pakistan is
also breaking up and today increased numbers of students go to America and
European countries. It is quite natural that these students are bringing traits of those
societies which are characterized by openness, enjoyment and freedom of thought and
actions. People in Pakistan are now interacting with outside world more than they did
in 1960. Self reliance and reducing dependency are also showing up and that teachers
and students of today prefer enjoyment and independent life more than those who
were studying or teaching in 1960. |
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